MVC is Model, View and Controller. MVC architecture has been famous for a long time in software engineering. Many programming languages adopt this pattern with different variations...

What is an artisan?
Artisan is the command-line tool for Laravel to help the developer build the application. You can enter the below command to get all the available commands:
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2011 Taylor Otwell developed a new web techonolgy which is called new generation LARAVEL web framework. LARAVEL following MVC (model view controller) pattern.

1. What is Laravel?

Laravel is the PHP web framework developed for the purpose of developing web application on MVC (Model-View-Controller) design pattern.